Identification of End (Warp) & Pick (Weft)

Identification of End (Warp) & Pick (Weft) :
Warp and weft yarns have different demands placed on them and may differ in their structure or fiber type. Thus, a fabric may not have the same performance characteristics for warp and weft. The warp must withstand the high tensions of the loom and the abrasion of weaving, so the warp yarns are stronger and more uniform with higher twist. Filling yarns are more often fancy or special-function yarns such as high-twist crepe yarns, low-twist napping yarns, or boucle yarns. We can define end and pick in the following way.

End:
 1. An individual warp yarn. A warp is composed of a number of ends. 
2. An individual sliver, slubbing, roving, yarn, thread, or cord. 
3. A short length or remnant of fabric.

Warp (End) and Weft (Pick)

Pick:
 In a woven fabric, the yarn running from selvage to selvage at right angles to the warp. Each crosswise length is called a pick. In the weaving process, the filling yarn is carried by the shuttle or other type of yarn carrier. The picks interlace with the warp ends to form a woven fabric.

Identification of End & Pick: 

Differentiating between warp and weft is possible by carefully examining both the fabric and the length-wise and crosswise yarns.

1. Most fabrics have lower elongation in the warp direction.
2. The warp yarns lie straighter and are more parallel in the fabric because of loom tension.
3. Fancy or special-function yarns are usually in the filling direction.
4. Fabric crimp is usually greater for weft yarns since they must bend or flex over or under warp yarns due to the way the loom operates.
5. Fabric characteristics may differentiate between the warp and weft directions. For example, poplin has a weft rib and satin has warp floats.
6. The selvedge always runs in the lengthwise (warp) direction of all fabrics.
7. Warp yarns tend to be smaller, are more uniform in structure and appearance, and have higher twist.

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